In the last several years, three major efforts to consolidate or restructure a state’s courts have been enacted: Vermont (2010 merger of Probate, Family, and District Court), New Hampshire (2011 merger of District, Probate, and Judicial Branch Family Division into newly created Circuit Court) and Indiana 2011 (granting all Circuit, Superior, and Probate courts original and concurrent jurisdiction in all civil and criminal cases).
Each of these, however, took the form of a single bill. Michigan’s effort at restructuring its judiciary been introduced as a series of nearly 36 bills, all of which are focused on elimination of judgeships, merging Probate courts with District by making Probate Judges serve as District Judges (or vice versa), and the consolidation of geographic districts/circuits. This is addition to the effort to the legislative push for concurrent jurisdiction and consolidation plans developed independently by courts.
Details are below
Eliminate District Judgeship(s); require probate judges in district serve as District Judges in their respective counties
HB 5071 / SB 830: 84th District. Also reduces from three to two the number of District Court judgeships in 86th District.
HB 5072 / SB 829 93rd, 97th, and 98th Districts.
HB 5075 / SB 838 79th District. Also reduces from 2 to 1 the number of Circuit Court judgeships in the 27th Judicial Circuit.
HB 5094 / SB 837 87-A, 88th and 89th Districts.
HB 5095 / SB 831 95-A District. Also reduces from 2 to 1 the number of Circuit Court judgeships in the 41st Judicial Circuit.
HB 5101 / SB 840 23rd, 81st, and 83rd District. Also reduces from 2 to 1 the number of Circuit Court judgeships in the 23rd Judicial Circuit.
Reduces judgeships but retains Districts/Circuits
HB 5073 / SB 843 54A District and 68th District: from 5 to 4.
HB 5074 / SB 833 66th District: from 2 to 1.
HB 5093 / SB 832 7th District: from 2 to 1. County of Kalamazoo Probate: from 3 to 2.
HB 5104 / SB 839 18th Judicial Circuit: from 3 to 2. 74th District Court: from 3 to 2.
HB 5105 / SB 844 3rd Judicial Circuit: from 61 to 60. 52nd District: from 11 to 10. 71A District: from 2 to 1.
HB 5106 / SB 841 25th Judicial Circuit: from 2 to 1. 96th District: from 2 to 1.
HB 5107 / SB 836 42nd Judicial Circuit: from 2 to 1. 75th District: from 2 to 1.
SB 416 3rd Circuit: 61 to 60. 26th District: 2 to 1. Eliminates District judgeship in 85th Judicial District. Splits 85th District into 85-A and 85-B and requires probate judges in district serve as District Judges in their respective counties.
District/Circuit Consolidation
HB 4313 Consolidates 20th and 21nd Circuits into 20th, with the consent of the cities involved.
HB 5102 / SB 834 Consolidates 24th and 52nd Circuits into the 24th. Provides new 24th to have one Circuit Judge.
HB 5103 / SB 835 Consolidates 43rd District & 44th District into the 43rd and 45A and 45B District into the 45th District. Also reduces judgeships in 25th District (2 to 1), 30th District (2 to 1), 33rd District (3 to 2), 48th District (3 to 2), and 50th District (4 to 3) . Retains provision giving 47th District two judgeships, but eliminates clause allowing an additional judgeship if and when a district court judgeship was eliminated anywhere in the state, subject to review and recommendation by SCAO and subsequent legislation.
HB 4313 Combines twentieth and twenty-first districts.
Other
HB 5108 / SB 842 In 2-B, 65-B, 91st and 94th Districts, combines District Court with Probate. Provides for two probate judges until vacancy occurs, then retains single judge of probate.
SB 319 Reduces Court of Appeals from 4 districts of 7 judges each to 4 districts of 6 judges each.